Keywords
hyperandrogenism
nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia
NC-CAH
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PCOS
How to Cite
Abstract
Female infertility affects globally approximately 13% of women of reproductive age. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine cause, which phenotypically overlaps with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NC-CAH), so the differential diagnosis between these entities is considered mandatory. PCOS, characterized by oligoanovulation, hyperandrogenism, and ovarian cysts in the ultrasound, occurs in up to 90-95% of patients seeking treatment for their infertility condition. Meanwhile, HSC-NC is the most common genetic steroid disorder that affects fertility. Factors such as hyperandrogenism, hormonal anomalies, anatomical alterations and the body mass index play a role in the reproductive abnormalities that are common between these two endocrine disorders. The objective of this review is to discuss the differences and similarities in the mechanisms involved in the development of infertility of both syndromes to make an adequate differential diagnosis.
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