Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age. This pathology occurs, in most cases, asymptomatically and has a high recurrence rate. From a pathophysiological perspective, bacterial vaginosis is caused by a vaginal bacterial imbalance. This imbalance generates a displacement of the normal vaginal flora and consequently, it is colonized mainly by anaerobic bacteria such as: Gardenerella vaginalis, Prevotella, Peptostreptoccocus, Ureaplasma urealyticum, porphyromonas, and mycoplasma hominis. Clinically, patients may present a whitish or grayish, sometimes frothy discharge that may be foul-smelling. These patients apart from the clinical or genital symptomatology may also present psychological stress that could lead to the development of pathologies of a psychiatric nature. The treatment of the pathology is carried out with antibiotics, first choice, among which is metronidazole or vaginal or oral clindamycin and as a second line, tinidazole or secnidazole, both orally. Likewise, new therapies have recently been developed that help to avoid the high percentage of recurrence of the pathology, such as colonies of Lactobacillus deposited directly in the vagina.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Dr. Jose Pablo Salas Morgan, Dr. Luis Carlos Angulo Moya, Dr. Erik Garita Mendez