Abstract
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a laboratory study that has been known for almost a century, used as an indirect measurement of the acute phase reactants, giving it clinical relevance in infectious, inflammatory, rheumatologic, and malignant diseases. There are multiple factors, physiological and pathological, and even drugs, which can lead to alterations in the results of this test. Thus, it is important in medical practice to have an adequate understanding of the study and its limitations, to be able to interpret the results appropriately. The ESR is currently still used as part of the diagnostic criteria of different diseases, its extreme elevation suggests the diagnosis of severe disease, and it remains relevant in the follow-up of certain diseases, and even as remission criteria for others.
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