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Abstract

The immunological susceptibility to viral airway infections after the covid-19 pandemic has been related to the decrease in the spread of these viruses as a result of non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented during the pandemic. Social distancing, confinement, and the use of a mask made it possible to limit the respiratory transmission chain; decreasing SARS-COV-2 and concomitantly other respiratory viruses such as Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus. However, this beneficial effect during the COVID-19 pandemic is currently responsible for a decrease in herd immunity against them. Low exposure to these respiratory viruses could culminate in more serious viral epidemics in the future as well as increased incidence of other respiratory viruses. The role of the immune system has an important implication in this immune susceptibility that occurred after the covid-19 pandemic. This system plays an essential role in the suppression of viruses because it is the first line of defense of the human body through the innate and adaptive immune system. The present review seeks to establish the relationship between immunological susceptibility to respiratory viruses and the COVID-19 pandemic; by identifying the factors associated with the increased incidence of respiratory viruses; as well as the response of the immune system to these viruses. In addition, to determine the etiological prevalence of the main viruses in the face of this susceptibility after the COVID-19 pandemic.