Nevus de los párpados: una actualización del tema y su manejo

Abstract

Melanocytic nevi are benign tumors formed by melanocytes (cells in charge of synthesis of pigments). There are many regions in which melanocytic nevi can be found, although this article emphasizes those in the eyelid region. The melanocytic nevi of the eyelid are classified into two primary entities: congenital nevi and acquired nevi. Congenital melanocytic nevi are rare, pigmented lesions that are present at birth. The divided nevus of the eyelid and the panda nevus are among the principal types of congenital nevi. The most common treatment approach is surgical excision with reconstruction of the affected zone, due to the aesthetic implications and the risk of progression to melanoma. Acquired nevi are the most common group of skin tumors and the presentation is related to the amount of sun exposure, genetic and hormonal factors, and the degree of immunosuppression of the patient. The junctional nevus, compound nevus, dermal nevus, blue nevus, Spitz and Reed nevus and atypical nevus are among the various types. The therapeutic approach depends on the specific type of acquired nevus, and ranges from observation to surgical excision of the lesion.