Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a serious condition caused by a decrease of blood flow and oxygen to the heart, being one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Certain risk factors predispose to this condition such as genetics, diet, sedentary lifestyle and smoking. The main focus of treatment emphasizes the importance of restoring blood flow to the affected tissue as soon as possible. Different conventional treatments are described, such as the administration of oxygen, nitrates and beta-blockers, and coronary reperfusion strategies for patients with different types of acute myocardial infarction. Emphasis is placed on the different innovative treatments in development, such as the use of extracellular matrix hydrogel and stem cell therapy, which show promising results in improving cardiac function and recovery in patients after a heart attack. Bioengineering of cardiac tissue through 3D printing has the ability to simulate certain functional characteristics of cardiac tissue. Results of studies that explore the possibility of constructing artificial heart tissue using induced pluripotent stem cells and 3D printing technology are presented, this being a possible alternative to heart transplantation. The evolution in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction is presented, including approaches in the restoration and recovery of damaged tissue and cardiac regeneration, suggesting a promising future in improving the quality of life of patients with ischemic heart disease.

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Copyright (c) 2024 Adriana Otero González, Mariana Quesada Porras, Rodrigo Torres Rojas, Martina Ugueto