Rol de los inhibidores de SGLT2 en pacientes con comorbilidad cardiovascular, renal, hematológica y su implementación a nivel institucional en Costa Rica

Abstract

SGLT2 inhibitors are hypoglycemic drugs that block these receptors at the level of the proximal convoluted tubule where 90% of glucose is reabsorbed. In diabetes, glycosuria occurs when the threshold of 180 mg/dl is exceeded, due to excess glucose in the blood and therefore a portion is excreted in pathological processes. These medications are responsible for preventing glucose reabsorption from taking place through SGLT1 and SGLT2, therefore, it ends up being excreted through diuresis along with sodium and water. Over the years, a benefit of these medications has been found at the cardiovascular, hematological, hypertensive and nephroprotective levels. Due to the recent approval of these drugs in the public health system in Costa Rica, this article aims to review the new evidence on this class of medications with respect to other hypoglycemic agents and their potential benefits in their new application in Costa Rica. from 2024.