Consecuencias psicológicas en mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidas a mastectomía radical, una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common neoplastic disease in women, and it poses multidimensional difficulties. These challenges, ranging from the disease's etiology to its psychological repercussions following the diagnostic and surgical treatment, require a comprehensive approach. In the development of this type of cancer, multiple factors between genetics, environment and lifestyle will influence its outcome. Treatment will depend on staging and patients' health. However, when a surgical approach is the treatment of choice, most specifically a radical mastectomy, it can trigger anxiety and depression, which manifests as feelings of sadness and anhedonia, this procedure can also affect the patients perception of their body and their self identity. The comprehensive approach for these patients involves breast reconstruction post mastectomy and cognitive conductual therapy, which improves the positive outcome for the patient's disease. It is imperative to highlight the importance of a collaborative approach with professionals in the area to work on the physical and emotional dimensions of the disease and its treatment.