Abstract
We are currently in a logistical race regarding the COVID-19. One of the characteristic signs in severe patients is alteration in the lymphocyte count. The objective of this work is to assess and relate the available scientific evidence on the relationship between lymphopenia and severe cases of COVID-19. To carry out the research, a systematic review of scientific articles has been carried out consulting different databases, in Spanish and English languages.
There are studies that suggest ways by which the SARS-CoV2 virus induces lymphopenia by direct lymphocyte lysis, an indirect decrease, through the involvement of lymphatic organs or induction of apoptotic pathways. While other publications describe an exhausted phenotype of the lymphoid population, presenting reduced activity in severe COVID-19. Finally, it is also described as a potential cause of the decrease in circulating T lymphocytes the redistribution of T lymphocytes towards sites of inflammation.
Studies on COVID-19 have made it possible to determine lymphopenia as a frequent sign, in severe cases of the disease. Thus, converting this alteration in the blood count into a prognostic factor of the disease. The need for additional research regarding the many causative factors of lymphopenia is evident, since now it is not possible to clarify which subpopulations of patients will develop severe conditions with the findings and the literature available to date.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Karol Cristina Calvo Arrieta, Ana Lucía Chinchilla Ureña, Antony Orozco Barquero, Rosa Ibarra Ureña, Alejandro Jose Navarro Solís