Nutracéuticos en pacientes con enfermedad renal. Una revisión de la literatura

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: Nutrition has been described as playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of kidney disease. Nutraceuticals can be an alternative to complement nutrition.

Objective: To describe the most commonly used nutraceuticals, the effect of their consumption and deficiency on the health of renal patients.

Material and methods: A literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, RedAlyC, Scielo, Cochrane Library, and Scopus data, Medline, Embase, and EBSCO, covering a period from 2018 to 2024. The keywords “chronic kidney disease” “chronic kidney disease” “CKD” “kidney disease” “supplements” and “functional food” were used. The search was limited to English and Spanish.

Results: 41 studies published between 2018 and 2024 were selected. The main findings were: The Mediterranean diet, given its characteristics, stood out as an alternative that would contribute positively to the health of renal patients. Medicinal plants such as turmeric and black cumin have shown positive effects around kidney disease, as well as omega-3 supplementation, both from synthetic and natural sources.

Conclusions: The implementation of diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, represents an alternative to improve the quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease by providing essential nutrients that are often deficient in these patients. Nutraceuticals, in addition to complementing the diet, offer therapeutic health benefits; omega-3 in both its synthetic and natural forms, as well as turmeric and black cumin among the medicinal plants, stand out.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, nutraceuticals, nutrients, supplements.