Revisión: virus Oropouche y su impacto emergente

Abstract

In the past decade, the Oropouche virus (OROV) has emerged as an underestimated zoonosis in the Americas, driven by ecological and social factors that have facilitated its spread in vulnerable tropical regions. In this context, and amid globalization and climate change, Oropouche fever is becoming an increasing threat, often underdiagnosed due to its clinical similarity to other arboviruses such as dengue, zika, chikungunya and Mayaro fever. Despite growing scientific interest, significant gaps remain in its epidemiology, vectors, and diagnostic tools, while insufficient surveillance hinders the detection of cases and viral variants. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the behavior of the virus in the American continent to strengthen understanding and improve strategies for diagnosis, vector control, and public health. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive response that includes inter- institutional coordination, interdisciplinary collaboration, and community education to effectively tackle emerging vector-borne diseases.